This paper examines the Hans Blumeberg’s philosophical program: the metaphorology. My intention is to show the importance of Blumenberg’s ideas into the current debate on the relations between philosophy and metaphor.

1. Le fe por la palabra -- 2. Topía y Utopía -- 3. Luz en la caverna.

El comentario se concentra en la práctica del voto como mecanismo de decisión y en las estrategias de disolución de las fuerzas antidemocráticas. El que las prácticas efectivas en ambos casos no difieran parece redundar en un déficit para el deliberacionismo, el cual, a diferencia del agonismo, no puede justificar claramente dichas prácticas. A su vez, se detiene en las diferencias epistemológicas que ambas posiciones presentan. The discussion concentrates on two aspects: the practice of voting as a decision mechanism and (...) the strategies for the dissolution of the anti-democratic forces. The fact that effective practices in both cases do not differ leads to a deficit for deliberationism, which, unlike agonism, seems to not be able to clearly justify such practices from its theoretical position. The discussion also pays attention to the differences between the epistemological assumptions that sustain both positions. (shrink)

"The book presents in accessible fashion recent important work on the self and self-consciousness and also moves the issues forward with interesting new ideas. It provides a notably crisp and clear treatment of some extremely intriguing topics." -- Jane Heal, Department of Philosophy, University of Cambridge In this book, José Luis Bermú dez addesses two fundamental problems in the philosophy and psychology of self-consciousness: (1) Can we provide a noncircular account of fully fledged self-conscious thought and language in terms (...) of more fundamental capacities? (2) Can we explain how fully fledged self-conscious thought and language can arise in the normal course of human development? Bermú dez argues that a paradox (the paradox of self-consciousness) arises from the apparent strict interdependence between self-conscious thought and linguistic self-reference. The paradox renders circular all theories that define self-consciousness in terms of linguistic mastery of the first-person pronoun. It seems to follow from the paradox of self-consciousness that no such account or explanation can be given. Drawing on recent work in empirical psychology and philosophy, the author argues that any explanation of fully fledged self-consciousness that answers these two questions requires attention to primitive forms of self-consciousness that are prelinguistic and preconceptual. Such primitive forms of self-consciousness are to be found in somatic proprioception, the structure of exteroceptive perception, and prelinguistic forms of social interaction. The author uses these primitive forms of self-consciousness to dissolve the paradox ofself-consciousness and to show how the two questions can be given an affirmative answer. (shrink)

En este trabajo nos proponemos analizar la doble función que cumple el relativismo: por un lado, constituye una crítica a la visión fundacionista que caracterizó a una parte importante de la filosofía de la ciencia contemporánea, específicamente el Positivismo Lógico y algunos de sus herederos. Por otra parte, ofrece una interpretación sobre los aspectos sincrónicos y diacrónicos de la ciencia, que se presenta como una alternativa a las principales caracterizaciones que se hicieron de la ciencia contemporánea, particularmente de su evolución, (...) en el ámbito de la filosofía. Aunque esta concepción relativista de la ciencia tiene múltiples expresiones, por la extensión de este trabajo, sólo nos ocuparemos de algunos aspectos relacionados con los componentes relativistas de la imagen de la ciencia que ofrece Thomas S. Kuhn. (shrink)

Foundational ontologies, central constructs in ontological investigations and engineering alike, are based on ontological categories. Firstly proposed by Aristotle as the very ur- elements from which the whole of reality can be derived, they are not easy to identify, let alone partition and/or hierarchize; in particular, the question of their number poses serious challenges. The late medieval philosopher Dietrich of Freiberg wrote around 1286 a tutorial that can help us today with this exceedingly difficult task. In this paper, I discuss (...) ontological categories and their importance for foundational ontologies from both the contemporary perspective and the original Aristotelian viewpoint, I provide the translation from the Latin into English of Dietrich's De origine II with an introductory elaboration, and I extract a foundational ontology–that is in fact a single-category one–from this text rooted in Dietrich's specification of types of subjecthood and his conception of intentionality as causal operation. (shrink)

Ontologies are some of the most central constructs in today's large plethora of knowledge technologies, namely in the context of the semantic web. As their coinage indicates, they are direct heirs to the ontological investigations in the long Western philosophical tradition, but it is not easy to make bridges between them. Contemporary ontological commitments often take causality as a central aspect for the ur-segregation of entities, especially in scientific upper ontologies; theories of causality and philosophical ontological investigations often go hand-in-hand, (...) and were essentially inseparable in medieval thought. This constitutes the foundation for a bridge, and this article analyzes the causality-based ontology of the late medieval philosopher Dietrich of Freiberg from the viewpoint of today's upper-ontology engineering. In this bridging attempt, it offers a translation into English of the first part of Dietrich's De origine (abbreviated title) that is a compromise between traditional scholarly translations of medieval Latin philosophical texts and contemporary ontology. (shrink)

The trinitarian theology of Karl Rahner has been the object of much discussion that has concentrated above all on two points: the «fundamental axiom» of the trinitarian theology and the problems surrounding the concept ofthe divine person. The fundamental axiom has helped to reclaim the central place of the mystery of the Trinity in the Christian faith and the need to set out from the economy of salvation as the only way to search more deeply into the mystery of God. (...) If the first part of the axiom, «the economic Trinity is the immanent Trinity», has been commonly accepted, the second, «and vice versa», has been the object of criticism. It must be emphasized in each case that the economy of salvation does not constitute or perfect the triune God and that He acts in it with full freedom. With these provisos, the second part of the axiom becomes not only legitimate but necessary to guarantee the universal mediation of Christ in whom God has reconciled the world to Himself. The concrete development of the trinitarian theology of Karl Rahner is not without its problems. It has been accused of tending toward modalism, in that the «personal» character of the divine hypostases in the immanent Trinity is much diminished. The article reviews the criticisms of various types that have been made and tries to offer a balanced interpretation of the thought of the German theologian that bears in mind its various aspects. (shrink)

George Berkeley proposed his notional doctrine to identify and know finite (human) minds and their operations. Although this doctrine was underdeveloped, if supplemented with other areas of Berkeley’s philosophy, it may contribute some useful criteria to recognize and distinguish non-human minds, specifically artificial minds. The sum of these new additions is what I call Berkeley’s notional doctrine complemented or NDC. Within this paper, I apply the NDC to Philip K. Dick’s androids because they exemplify the thin and diffuse line that (...) separates a natural-human mind from an artificial one. I suggest in this paper that the NDC is applicable to other fields and theories beyond Berkeley’s philosophy, whether they are fictitious like Dick’s novel or real like the current technological innovations in artificial intelligence. (shrink)

In addition to the three stages of existence, Kierkegaard presents other existential forms based on the category of consciousness. One of these is that in which the self obstinately prefers to despair instead of accepting an external foundation and therefore keeping a radical hermetism.

Negri, A. (2020). De la fábrica a la metrópolis. (F. Venturi, trad.). Cactus. 256 pp.

Este trabajo consiste en un recorrido por la historia reciente de la asignatura Filosofía del Derecho en España. Dicho recorrido se detiene en lo acontecido en los últimos años. Sin embargo, expone, prospectivamente, diferentes vías para tratar de superar el desterramiento y/o enterramiento de la asignatura: ya sea la resurrección o la reencarnación. La inutilidad y la melancolía enmarcan un final aquejado de la tensión gramsciana entre el pesimismo de la inteligencia y el optimismo de la voluntad.

The purpose of this article is to examine Pascal’s conception of imagination in its necessary articulation with the notion of self-love. Derived from Augustinian theology, the notion of self-love is identifed with the notion of pride and is one of the three fundamental cupidities that rule the fallen man when he is not under the action of divine grace. Pascal goes further than Augustine and makes this passion the defning feature of the fallen man, leading him in his tyrannical relationship (...) with other men. The instrument of self-love to achieve its goals is, precisely, imagination, a deceptive faculty that, even against reason, estimates the value of all objects and is the essential factor in determining purely human happiness. (shrink)

O artigo explora as noções de mal e privação em Espinosa, sobretudo com base na sua correspondência com Blyenbergh. Pretendo mostrar que Espinosa radicaliza a solução de Agostinho e Descartes para o mesmo problema, recusando-se a dar qualquer tipo de consistência ontológica para a privação. Tanto quanto a noção de mal, a própria privação só pode ser pensada como o resultado de uma comparação meramente imaginativa, sem nenhuma incidência na realidade.